Technique Tip: A Simple Method to Treat Hallux Valgus with Severe Metatarsus Adductus / 대한족부족관절학회지

Hallux valgus with metatarsus adductus is difficult to treat and has a higher risk of recurrence after correction. Some treatments for hallux valgus with metatarsus adductus have been reported, but these are extensive procedures with a risk of complications associated with the shortening and malposition of the lesser metatarsals. The technique described here is easier to perform and has several advantages over the previously reported techniques.

Development of intracorneal lens / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Keratoconus is an ophthalmopathy that has high morbidity and is likely to cause blindness. The currently available therapeutic options for keratoconus mainly include wearing rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lenses, corneal cross linking, and keratoplasty, etc., which,however, require high treatment cost and long-term medicinal treatment with indefinite therapeutic effect. lntracorneal lens implantation has emerged as a new technique for the treatment of keratoconus, which attempts to implant a lens of certain power into the corneal interlayer, so as to allow the visual acuity to recover quickly while treating keratoconus. This paper reviews the advances and the development prospect of intracorneal lens implantation.

New Techniques for the Evaluation of Penetration Enhancers / 中国药学杂志

Penetration enhancers (PEs) are commonly used for improving bioavailability of transdermal drug delivery formulations. In the present paper, the new techniques to investigate the penetration enhancement ability, penetration enhancement mechanism and skin safety of PEs were intensively reviewed. The trends of PE research include high throughput evaluation of penetration enhancement ability, micro-molecular research of penetration enhancement mechanism and quantitative characterization of skin safety. Emergence of new techniques provides technical support which is faster, more comprehensive and reliable for the selection and research of penetration enhancers in future.

Ethics Issues and Strategy for New Endoscopy Techniques / 中国医学伦理学

Digestive endoscopic diagnosis and treatment technology in the development of ethical issues are :the expansion of endoscopic treatment indications , violation of patient choice;Health care costs increase , the pa-tient cannot enjoy medical equality;Staff is uneven , the patient can′t enjoy the fair medical treatment;Paternalistic doctor-patient relationship , ignore the patient′s autonomy and so on .Puts forward some Suggestions to solve these problems:people-oriented , fully respect patients option;Standard medical behavior , advocates the equal medical treatment;Standardized training for everyone to enjoy fair medical treatment;Build the good doctor -patient rela-tionship , respect the autonomy of patients .

A New Simple Technique for Removal of Subconjunctival Cyst under the Slit Lamp Microscope

PURPOSE: We present a new simple technique to remove subconjunctival cyst under the slit lamp microscope. CASE SUMMARY: A cotton swab was used to verify whether or not the cyst was freely movable under the conjunctiva. After topical anesthesia, we incised the conjunctiva near the cyst using a 30-gauge needle and extracted the cyst through the wound using forceps under the slit lamp microscope. Four cases of subconjunctival cyst were successfully removed with our new technique. During the average five month (2-10 month) follow-up period, there was no recurrence or procedure-related complications. CONCLUSIONS: Some subconjunctival cysts such as an epithelial inclusion cyst which is freely movable without attachment to surrounding tissues can be easily removed with a 30-gauge needle and forceps under the slit lamp microscope. This could be considered as the primary procedure instead of simple aspiration.

A simple new technique to remove a bent Kuntscher nail.

We present our technique to remove a bent intramedullary femoral nail in a 26 year-old man admitted with an abnormally angulated right thigh within 3 days. His right femoral shaft was broken by a traffic accident 2 months ago. This fracture was treated with a Kuntscher nail fixation by the open method. For the operative techniques, the fracture site was exposed using a previous incision at the lateral thigh. After dissecting soft tissue and periosteum from the fracture site, we increased the varus deformity of the femur including the nail inside the medullary canal until the nail formed the “V shape” and extracted the nail simultaneously. A limited corticotomy was conducted to allow more space for the nail to escape. After removal of the bent nail, the fracture was stabilized with a 12×360 mm. static interlocking nail (Grosse-Kempf).

Challenges in research and development of Traditional Chinese Medicines / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

In this review, the author analyzed the challenges in modern research and development of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) products. Chinese traditional and herb drugs have gained interest from the international medical, biomedical and pharmaceutical institutions as potential source of valuable medicinal agents. For the researches and development of TCMs, the first challenge is to evaluate the efficacy, pharmacological properties, action mechanism and active chemical constituents. The second one is to summarize the issues for developing safety research methodologies, to improve the quality and enhance the value of research in TCM and to provide appropriate evaluation methods to facilitate the regulation and registration of TCM products, and the third is to study drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, and the fourth is to apply new "-omics" techniques and tools in new revolution in drug discovery-development and to impact on modern research of TCM products. This interest is needed to apply modern research on the development and exploration of the promising medical potential resources of Chinese traditional and herbal drugs, especially from medicinal plants.

Study on Comparison between Traditional Technique of Cesarean Section and FAST: Finger Assisted Stretching Technique / 대한산부인과학회잡지

The cesarean section has been considered as one of the most prime and most commonly performed operations in the obstetrics and gynecology field. In fact, all cesarean sections have depended upon the operator`s experience. However, there have been several cases reported on new technique of cesarean section in many developed countries, but not in Korea until we started the recent research. We have developed a new type of cesarean section named FAST(Finger Assisted Stretching Technique) through study on strength/weakness of other operation techniques as well as many other researches we conducted in the past plus our own experiences. To find the differences on the following subjects; operating time, postoperative complication, and recovery period. We compared and analyzed data from using new and traditional techniques. We selected 120 patients(group A using FAST: 45 patients, group B using traditional technique: 75 patients) as samples for this study. Together, they were all conducted cesarean section at Korea University, Guro Hospital between May 1993 and December 1995. Student-t-test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. We consider that below 0.05 for P value is statistically significant. The results of comparative study between two groups are; 1. There was no comparative difference on average age: group A: 29.6(range 23~39, S/D 7.1) group B: 31.1(range 24~38, S/D 5.4) 2. There was a significant difference on average operation times: group A: 15.4 min.(range 11~19, S/D 3.6) group B: 41.3 min.(range 23~50, S/D 19) 3. There was a significant difference on average amount of bleeding: group A: 580 ml(range 450~750, S/D 101) group B: 916 ml(range 800~1000, S/D 99) 4. There was a significant difference on the value of hemoglobin before and after operation group A: 0.8 g/dl(range 0.4~1.6, S/D 0.25) group B: 1.9 g/dl(range 0.9~2.6, S/D 0.21) 5. There was a significant difference on average period of hospitalization: group A: 3.7 days(range 3~4, S/D 0.7) group B: 6.4 days(range 5~8, S/D 0.6) 6. No one from group A experienced any infection, but 3 cases of wound infection and 2 cases of voiding difficulty were reported from group B. 7. 11 cases from group A and 16 cases from group B had laparotomy for some other reasons, later. There was no adhesion found in group A, but adhesions found in 2 cases from group B.

Hang-back Recession

Recently hang-back recession is chosen instead of conventional recession to get better result in strabismus surgery. Jampolsky method, a popular method of hang-back recession, has some draw-backs; the extraocular muscle width can be decreased, the center of the muscle can be sagging posteriorly, and the amount of recession can be somewhat shortened than expected in operation. Accordingly, we devised a new modified hang-back recession and compared with Jampolsky method. Two months after respective operation in 7 albino rabbits, the width of the muscle comparing to preoperative condition, the amount of recession, and the sagging of middle part of the muscle were evalvated in comparison with the preoperative findings. The width of muscles was significantly shortened in Jampolsky method in comparison with preoperative condition (p0.05). The amount of recession by Jampolsky method was significantly shortened than expected in operation (p0.10). The significant sagging of the muscle was found with Jampolsky method (pO.lO). In review of these findings, our new method is devoid of some draw backs of Jampolsky method.